Start Oracle Database Automatically (Linux)

The Oracle 11gR2 documentation states the use of the dbstart and dbshut scripts is deprecated. The preferred replacement is Oracle Restart.

Both dbstart and dbshut are still present in Oracle 11gR2 and Oracle 12cR1, so you can continue to use them for now (I still use them). In order to use Oracle Restart you must install Grid Infrastructure (GI), which you will already have if you are using RAC or ASM for a standalone instance. In these cases, Oracle Restart will already be present and running. For single instance databases that don't use ASM, I think it is unreasonable to expect people to install GI, so the following describes a method for those cases, while avoiding dbstart and dbshut.

Create a file called "/etc/init.d/dbora" as the root user, containing the following.

#!/bin/sh
# chkconfig: 345 99 10
# description: Oracle auto start-stop script.
#
# Set ORA_OWNER to the user id of the owner of the
# Oracle database software.

ORA_OWNER=oracle

case "$1" in
    'start')
        # Start the Oracle databases:
        # The following command assumes that the oracle login
        # will not prompt the user for any values
        # Remove "&" if you don't want startup as a background process.
        su $ORA_OWNER -c "/home/oracle/scripts/startup.sh >> /home/oracle/scripts/startup_shutdown.log 2>&1" &

        touch /var/lock/subsys/dbora
        ;;
    'stop')
        # Stop the Oracle databases:
        # The following command assumes that the oracle login
        # will not prompt the user for any values
        su $ORA_OWNER -c "/home/oracle/scripts/shutdown.sh >> /home/oracle/scripts/startup_shutdown.log 2>&1"
        rm -f /var/lock/subsys/dbora
        ;;
esac

Use the chmod command to set the privileges to 750.

chmod 750 /etc/init.d/dbora

Associate the "dbora" service with the appropriate run levels and set it to auto-start using the following command.

chkconfig --add dbora

Next, we must create the "startup.sh" and "shutdown.sh" scripts in the "/home/oracle/scripts". First create the directory.

# mkdir -p /home/oracle/scripts
# chown oracle.oinstall /home/oracle/scripts

The "/home/oracle/scripts/startup.sh" script should contain the following commands.

#!/bin/bash

export TMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=$TMP
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle/
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=hostname
export ORACLE_UNQNAME=databasename
export ORACLE_SID=databasesid
export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin

# Start Listener
lsnrctl start

# Start Database
sqlplus / as sysdba << EOF

STARTUP;
EXIT;
EOF

The "/home/oracle/scripts/shutdown.sh" script is similar.

#!/bin/bash

export TMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=$TMP

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle/
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=hostname
export ORACLE_UNQNAME=databasename
export ORACLE_SID=databasesid


export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin

# Stop Database
sqlplus / as sysdba << EOF
SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;
EXIT;
EOF

# Stop Listener
lsnrctl stop

You could move the environment settings into the "dbora" file or into a separate file that is sourced in the startup and shutdown script. I kept it local to the script so you could see the type of things that need to be set in case you have to write a script to deal with multiple installations, instances and listeners.

Make sure the permissions and ownership of the files is correct.

# chmod u+x /home/oracle/scripts/startup.sh /home/oracle/scripts/shutdown.sh
# chown oracle.oinstall /home/oracle/scripts/startup.sh /home/oracle/scripts/shutdown.sh

The listener and database will now start and stop automatically with the machine. You can test them using the following command as the "root" user.

# service dbora start
# service dbora stop

If you are running multiple installations, listeners or databases, you will need to amend the startup/shutdown scripts accordingly.

Hope this helps.
Thanks to https://oracle-base.com/articles/linux/automating-database-startup-and-shutdown-on-linux